Wednesday, October 30, 2019
IKEA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words
IKEA - Essay Example IKEA helped people make their everyday life superior by offering a wide variety of products in home furnishing in their stores. IKEA is known to offer home furnishings that are designed well combined with great utility, quality and affordable prices so that it suits the pocket of the masses (Funding Universe, n.d). Company History Ingvar Kamprad is the founder of IKEA who started his career in business at a quite young age. He used to sell matches independently to his neighbours, that he would purchase in bulk and made profit out of it. Gradually his business started growing and he expanded it further by selling seeds, fish, decorative for Christmas and even ball pens and pencils which wondered many, back in the year 1935. From his younger days, he had been quite adept in employing his resources. At the age of 17, on the completion of his school, he was monetarily rewarded by his father. With that sum of money Ingvar Kamprad founded IKEA. IKEA was derived from the initials of his fir st name and last name which is ‘I’ & ‘K’ and ‘E’ and ‘A’ was taken in a similar way from the name of the village and the farm named Elmtaryd Agunnaryd where he had grown up and was born. IKEA did not start out by selling furniture but instead it sold watches, wallets, pens, jewellery and other things that he bought at a low price and resold it for profit. The year 1948 marked the addition of furniture in its product line. Initially the furniture was manufactured locally and it was received positively by the customers. It was only in the year 1951 when Ingvar Kamprad focused on furniture and withdrew all the other products from its product line. In the same year, the first catalogue of furniture was published and then later in order to make its presence felt in the competition, the first showroom of furniture was opened in a village named Almhult. In response to such scenario, the other manufacturers and furniture stores pressurised the suppliers which led to the boycott of IKEA. This made IKEA to come to a critical decision of designing their individual line of furniture in 1955. This decision of designing their own furniture allowed IKEA to offer the products at low prices and improving the functions which ultimately made the company successful. The idea of flat-packed furniture came to Ingvar Kamprad when one of his employees sought a table to take home but which he could not fit in his car. He then thought of removing the legs of the table and then reassembled it back at home. IKEA started testing the flat pack furniture concept which proved beneficial for the company as it lowered the costs of labour, need of storage space, transportation and also reduced costs related to transport damage. The Lovet table was the first flat pack furniture product that was designed. The flat pack furniture range has gained a wide popularity across the globe as it not only cuts down on a lot of costs but also because the fu rniture is fashionably designed and the designs fit in efficiently and beautifully in the households. IKEA even has furniture that are made of sustainable resources making them environment friendly choice as well (IKEA Fans, n.d). Source: (IKEA, 2010). IKEA Stores/ Branches The first store of IKEA in Almhult had an area of 6700 square meters and had the biggest display of furniture in entire
Monday, October 28, 2019
Understanding Rhetorical Structures as They Pertain to Audience Essay Example for Free
Understanding Rhetorical Structures as They Pertain to Audience Essay This paper is about the understanding of the Rhetorical Structures as they pertain to audience, purpose, and context and how they affect the argument of whether taxes should be raised on higher income brackets in order to fund social programs for at-risk and underserved, low income children. I will discuss the relationship between the audience, purpose, and context to the context of the argument. Understanding Rhetorical Structures How do audience, purpose, and context affect the argument of whether taxes should be raised on higher income brackets in order to fund social programs for at-risk and underserved, low income children. I will discuss the relationship between the audience, purpose, and context to the context of the argument. Discussion The goal of this discussion is to see the relationship between audience, purpose, and context of should Taxes be raised for higher income brackets in order to fund social programs for at-risk, underserved, and low income children. The first audience for this group are wealth fortune 500 CEO’s. They are considered the in the higher income bracket in my opinion. They need to be educated on the understanding that even though most lower income families struggle, it is not because they are not trying. The economy has taken its toll on a lot of jobs here in the US over the past couple of years and even though they are working a full time job and sometimes two full time jobs, they cannot afford any kind of social program for their children. The present economy conditions are hurting the lower income families to the point that they struggle to make ends meet and can sometimes barley afford to put food on the table for their children. The higher income bracket would need to see just how little the additional taxes would take from them and what the benefits of those taxes could do for a low income family struggling to make ends meet. They still could possibly not be receptive to the idea, but giving them examples of the cost and benefits of such programs I think they would start to understand. The second audience for this group is the low income families of at-risk, and underserved, low income children. They need to be educated on the benefits that could come from the higher taxes. In my opinion, the higher income bracket can afford the higher taxes to fund some of these programs. The cost of living, food, gas, and housing all affect the income of many families in the US. If they understood what could come from the taxes, they could get some reissuance as to vote on such a bill if it came up to vote for the public. Education on the subject of the current tax laws would be a good example of what the different taxes brackets that are used today in the US. Lower income families would jump on the idea of being able to send their children to a soccer camp, or baseball camp. According to an article on â€Å"Taxing the rich is good for the economy†, raising taxes on the higher income bracket would reduce the taxes on low and middle income families. This would also allow for those families to keep more of their income to use towards these programs. All in all I think it would be a beneficial idea to entertain. The context of the economy, food, and taxes all play an important role in this argument. The higher income bracket would be resistant to the idea until they were presented with facts on the cost and the minimal decrease in income for them. The lower income families would be blessed with some relief with their children’s social experience and the ability to provide more learning resources to them.
Saturday, October 26, 2019
The story of Summer Essay example -- Literary Analysis, David Updike
The story of Summer, by David Updike, is set during that idyllic time in life when responsibility is the last word on anyone's mind. And yet, as with all human affairs, responsibility is an ever-present and ever-necessary aspect to life. What happens when the protagonist, Homer, loses his awareness of a certain personal responsibility to maintain self-control? Homer's actions increasingly make him act foolishly, internally and externally. Also, how does Homer return to a sense of sanity and responsibility? To a degree, I would say that he does. At first, Homer's control over himself seems strong; he is only mildly aware of tempting situations. The reader begins to notice, however, that Homer's mind is still easily swayed by that most primitive of urges - sexual desire. The passage, "Homer looked up. Through the screen he watched Fred's sister Sandra as she came ambling down the path, stepping lightly between the stones in her bare feet," (293) is the first mild manifestation of Homer giving in to a loss of control to his sensual appetite. The next case of Homer's decreasing ability to control himself takes place on a tennis court. Throughout the game, the reader gets the impression that Homer was trying to get Sandra's attention through talented athletics, "On the tennis court she was strangely indifferent to his heroics." (293) Towards the end of the tennis match, Homer's eyes, once again, follow her as she is leaving, which leads him to double fault. This is the first time his decreasing self-control manifests itself in a somewhat harmful manner: namely, having hurt his score. Homer comes even closer to abandoning self-control during the night when he watches Sandra in bed. Homer's decreasing self-control is beginning t... ...e of sanity and self-control. Given the chance to show Sandra his affectionate lust, Homer withdrew his chance as one reads in the passage, "But to touch her, or kiss her, seemed suddenly incongruous, absurd, contrary to something he could not put his finger on." (296) Here Homer is becoming quite aware of the insanity which has driven his previous actions. Finally, Homer's inner turmoil is laid to rest and his sanity fully returns as his affection is returned. At the very end of the story, as Homer and Sandra are sitting on a couch together, her foot comes into contact with Homer's back. "But to Homer's surprise Sandra's foot remained, and he felt, in the faint sensation of exerted pressure, the passive emanation of its warmth, a distant signal of acquiescence." (296) Homer still had a desire for Sandra, but it would not consume him as it had in times before.
Thursday, October 24, 2019
GLUT 4 in Muscle Cells Essay -- Biology
Hypothesis During muscle contractions cytosolic calcium and adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) levels increase. Exercise also increases GLUT 4 production, which allows more glucose to be metabolized in the muscle cell. The purpose of this study was to determine whether calcium and AMPK cause the increases in GLUT 4 production in the cell. The hypothesis regarding GLUT 4 being tested in this research article stems from related research, which showed that GLUT 4 and mitochondria increase due to repeated bouts of muscle contraction. Since raising calcium levels in the cytosol of the cell increases mitochondria, GLUT 4 is may increase as well. The hypothesis that is being tested with this research was that GLUT 4 will be increased in skeletal muscle cells due to induced increases in the cytosolic calcium levels. These calcium levels are increased in cells naturally due to exercise. Since exercise also increases activity of AMPK, the study tested the effects of increasing AMPK on GLUT 4 levels in skeletal muscle. Methodology GLUT 4 levels were determined after exposing muscle cells to the various stimuli. In order to test whether the various stimuli increased GLUT 4 muscle cells were either exposed to a single stimulus, a stimulus with an inhibitor specific of the stimulus, or no stimulus (control). Then the GLUT 4 protein levels in each set of cells could be tested in order to determine the effects of each stimulus. Various chemicals that are known to be produced in a muscle cell during normal exercise were used as stimuli. Caffeine, which produces increased cytosolic calcium, was used to simulate the normal increase in calcium in a cell during exercise. An... ... activity effect GLUT 4 protein. The results of this study show that during exercise GLUT 4 in muscle cells was increased by increases in cytosolic calcium levels as well as the activation of AMPK. The transcription factors that are responsible for "making" GLUT 4 are also increased by these two chemicals. The increases were found to be regulated by CAMK an inhibitor of calcium. This is important for muscle metabolism and effects on diabetes. The capacity for metabolism in muscle cells is enhanced with training because greater amount of GLUT 4 in the muscle cell is important to respond to stimuli. Consequently more glucose is transported into the cell to be metabolized. This GLUT 4 increase is an adaptive response to the body's greater need for energy. Ultimately this results in more glucose, which means more energy for the cell to use.
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
How the family changed over time Essay
How the family has changed over time? The institution of the family has changed dramatically over last 50 years and the main sociological perspectives, functionalism, Marxism, feminism and interactionism have described this changes in terms of family structure, divorce rates, marriage rate and gender roles. Defining family in Britain is problematic as until 1960’s few sociologists questioned the importance of the benefits of the family. Family is a group of people living together related by blood or marriage who support themselves economically and emotionally. It was assumed that the family was evolving with the change in Britain. From the 1960’s , with increasing divorce rates, living together before marriage, single parent families, one person households , separation and migration, family traditionally seen as nuclear (based on two adults and children) became harder to define. Sociologists have concluded that the family has become harder to define in the more traditional sense. A family can now consist of any group of people living together and/or bringing up children. This could separate due to divorce and another family created through remarriage or cohabitation, with the introduction of step children or children born to the new parentage resulting in another family unit although the first one still technically exists. There are two basic types of family structure: extended and nuclear. Functionalists say industrialization changed the function of the family. In pre-industrial society the extended family was most prevalent. Families lived and collaborated in engendering goods and crops to live from, taking the surplus to market. In industrial society, the nuclear family becomes ascendant. Status for an individual in pre-industrial society was ascribed. Talcott Parsons (1956) presumed that in industrial society an individual’s status is achieved by their prosperity. The nuclear family is the best way to achieve prosperity as individuals. Family structure adapts to the changing circumstances. Changes in economic, political, and moral approach led to the transformation of the family structure. Postmodern times in which we live in a time of tolerance, emancipation of women, legalization and acceptance of homosexual relationships. All these changes meant that more and more people moved away from the traditional model of the family, universal fifty years ago. Statistics indicate an increasing number of households about 9. 2 million since 1961 but that is due to the increase amount of the divorce, migration, remarried people, single people and increase in length of life. At the same time the increase amount of households decreased their size and the average number of children due to widespread access to the contraception, abortion, aging population and costs associated with children’s maintenance. More women are also delaying having children because they focusing on work and education seeing role of the mother as a barrier. It is related to ‘child centric’ model of the family, which learn society to treat children’s as the most ‘precious’ , whom one must completely conform their lives to them . Most mothers deciding to give a birth at age 30-34. Although, life style changes have also caused decrease in married couples amount which is also related to religious approach, because from 1981, when only 49% of all marriages were civil marriages, at 2010, already 68,2 % of all marriages where civil marriages. However, married couple are still the most common type of the family. The functionalist view of the role of the family in society is that it maintains social order for benefits of all. The family is a tool for primary socialization and a key social institution in sustaining the value consensus (Harambolos 2008).Murdock (1949) claimed that family was universal. It is defined as a social group characterised by common residence, economic co-operation and reproduction. A family lives in the same home, has economic co-operation usually through the division of labour where the man will take on the instrumental role and provide for the family while the woman will adopt the expressive role and take care of the home and family members. Unfortunately, that’s the most common image of division of labour for as much, men, are more likely to help at housework or child care presently, it still seen as a responsibility of women. Marxists would contest this viewpoint, arguing that the division of labour is capitalist dogma used to control the labour force and stop them from developing class consciousness. Marxism looks at the methods of control of the ruling class (bourgeoisie) in determining the way society is organised. The family is seen as part of the structure of society and is one of a number of social institutions which helps maintain the capitalists system. Marxists state that it is the requirements of the system that has come to shape the family in modern societies. From this perspective view, society revolves around the infrastructure and social superstructure. The family helps to maintain this system. Friedrich Engels (1884) provides a basis for the Marxist view of the family were strongly linked to the evolution of the capitalist system. He also explored the concept of monogamy and argued that the monogamous nuclear family developed with the emergence of private ownership of the ‘means of production’. Engels stated that this system is maintained by the socialisation of capitalist social norms and values. Marxists do not see this as benefitting the family at all, only the system, and therefore this helps support their theory that family exists as a largely negative institution. Both of these sociological perspective see the role of the family in the opposite way, but in the meantime both of them describing family as a unit of socialization. On the other hand functionalists assume that the family is a positive and beneficial institution in which family members receive nurturing, care and unconditional love which helps keep society functioning well. However, this is not always the case, when it comes to domestic violence, divorce and child abuse. All couples and families who were nuclear families or had potential to be were being ruined each day, providing that the functionalist’s view of a beneficial family was much overestimated. In comparison, Marxists state that family helps to maintain class differences in society as the rich can afford to give their children a better start in life than the poor, such as. pay for a better education, and get them a good job either in their own business or their friends business. Marxists believe the family socializes the working class to accept that it is fair that the classes are unequal. A different view on the family, presented by Feminists, focuses also on socialization but sees its effects in division of labour and gender role stereotyping. They states that family is bad for women. Girls and boys learn their different gender roles within the family through socialization. Girls copy their mothers, doing housework, whilst boys copy their fathers, doing DIY. They then learn that this is how male and female roles should be. Feminists believe that the family is male dominated- the term for this is patriarchal. Their theory is still relevant nowadays, because although more women are having careers it’s still expected from them to take care of children’s and home. Perceptions of roles is so deeply rooted in society that, despising the false image of a woman liberated, having range of capabilities which can freely pursue her dreams when in the end ,is still required from her to perform, in the meantime, the role of housewife. In contrast, interactionist state that the family assists in the construction of the identity for the social individual and looks at the society at a micro scale. In this perspective the family, through interaction helps the social individual to understand ‘self’ when feminists could argue that vision of how one should look like and behave originates from socialization. They also believe that family helps the social individual identify her/his social role without considering how institutions, class conflict and gender stereotyping influence on creation of those roles. In Great Britain the family is built on the concept of marriage with children had a very well-established position but during last century divorce rates increased 200%. Which is also reflected in the number of separations reported annually by 150,000 to 200,000 pairs per year. Some researchers place the cause of increased divorce on higher expectations (Fletcher, 1966). And given the rates of remarriage it is not the institution of marriage, or the ideology picturing lifelong happiness that is rejected, but an insufficient partner. (Denny1984) regards western style marriages based on romantic love as fragile because they are only held together by emotional ties. Another reason why divorce rates increased is that now considerably less social stigma and blame is attached to divorce. One of the main reasons for this phenomenon are changes in divorce law making it much easier to divorce now then for example 50 years ago. Statistics show that the number of children in divorcing couples declined from 153,000 to 104,000. However, this data does not take into account cohabitating couples whose separation is not recorded. The amount of cohabiting couples has increased significantly in recent years. In the majority of relationships still the most important are children’s. The average time spent with children nowadays by mothers is 2h 32 minutes and by fathers 2h 16 minutes when 50 years ago that that was only 25 minutes per day for both parent. Currently fathers are more involved in bringing up children, and the belief in the society that children are an extension of us and their success is our success modernized power image of the families. Is widely spread on the increasing number of single fathers to 178,000 from 60,000 from 1670. This shows how evolved the role of the father in the family. Increasingly, we find also reconstituted families where the connection partners cohabitation or marriage jointly raise children from a previous relationship. That happens because of the increased amounts of divorce and remarriage trends. Humans as far didn’t create any more successful structure t han family. But is nowadays family a well-functioning institution ? Very big influence on how present family looks like has mass media which are creating image how does family should look like which society is fallowing. Traditional family model become a consumption unit which glorifies children and parents are responsibility to make them happy and fulfill their all desires. All values and norms changed dramatically over time and people lost respect to institution like marriage. In conclusion family is still a basic part of the society but it evolved creating new forms of it. References: Haramolos, M & Holborn, M (2008) 7th Ed. Sociology, themes and perspectives, Harper Collins: London Scott,J. & Marshall, G (2009) Oxford dictionary of sociology , Oxford University Press: Oxford
Tuesday, October 22, 2019
The purpose of the risk descriptions study is to explore the risk predilection on the effectiveness of project software. The WritePass Journal
The purpose of the risk descriptions study is to explore the risk predilection on the effectiveness of project software. The purpose of the risk descriptions study is to explore the risk predilection on the effectiveness of project software. Abstract Risk RecognitionsRisk Descriptions  Problems/Events of web software designing risks:1)     Inappropriate Designing:2)     Impracticable scheduling and budgetary planning:3)     Inadequate quality attributes verification and user satisfaction:  Risk Impact and Probability Ranking:Extenuation and Eventuality PlansRisk Extenuation/Mitigation Planning: Eventuality/Contingency Planning:  Inappropriate Required Statements:Wrong Cost Estimation:High stress of users than expectation:Lack of use of Advanced Technology: Lack of use of training on Equipments Inexperienced Staff:Budgetary Prepositions of Mitigation and Contingency Plans:1)   Web designing risk:                                                                                                                                                                                2)   Scheduling and budgetary planning risk:                                                                                                                                                                                3)  Quality and User Satisfaction Risk:                                                                                                                                                                                  RISKIT Analysis Graph: 1)   Web Designing Strategy:                                                                                                       2)  Scheduling and Budgetary Planning :                                                                                                                                               3)   Quality attributes Customer Satisfaction:                                                                         Valuable Risk Management Lifecycle:Appendix B: ReferencesRelated Abstract The delivery of comprehensive web software designing projects within the desired financial and quality attributes can be delayed on time due to the organizational problems, high rate of complexity and variable risks impacts in software project. The supervision and development process of web software designing is more difficult. So, it is important that to specify and investigate these software risks within the proper assessment and management. In this paper, the analysis and assessment of these risks should be done by the using of probabilistic measurements. This analysis should be useful for the qualitative and quantitative measurements of risk in the web designing and implementation of effective risk management process.  Risk Recognitions Risks are future unsure tasks with a likelihood of incidents and a prospective for failure. Risk classification and management are the major anxiety in every software project. The effectual analysis of software risks assessment will be helpful for the competent planning and tasks of effort to classify risk attributes. There are aspects of risks in web software designing project, internal and external risks. The internal risks should be related to the risk issues within the organization and external risks are out of the organization and these are complicated to handle in project. A web software projects also have a high degree of uncertainty due to the explicit requirements from end users side and modified technical qualities. So, the critical factors or risks that’s could affect the change of project phases and establishment area are as follows, Inappropriate designing, Impracticable scheduling and budgetary planning, Impracticable scheduling and budgetary planning and Ina dequate quality attributes verification and user satisfaction. The flow diagram of web software risks are given below Risk Descriptions The purpose of the risk descriptions study is to explore the risk predilection on the effectiveness of project software. The different level of risks planning and strategy is an important parameter that’s having a variable affects on project establishment/firm. So, the low level of risk strategies affects the expected outcomes due to unpredicted events. While high level of risk strategies should provide higher profitable outcomes. The different aspects and methodologies of risk specifications/Descriptions are as follows   Problems/Events of web software designing risks: The following events or problems of the web designing risks are as follows 1)     Inappropriate Designing: Incessant varying constraints A lack use of advanced technology Complexity in Implementation section Complicated project modules assimilation Failure to address priority inconsistency Failure to admit the responsibilities Inappropriate instructions, scheduling and communication between team members 2)     Impracticable scheduling and budgetary planning: Inadequate information of software tools A lack of project estimations Sluggish management life cycle Lack of budgetary resources Inadequate knowledge about technical equipments Inappropriate security plans Inadequate documentation of designing methodology 3)     Inadequate quality attributes verification and user satisfaction: Lack of observation and unrealistic changing Inadequate budgetary plans Wrong time changing in technology and management process Failure in financial planning A lack of commitment between end users and software developer Lack of project definitions and attributes Varying customer invention policies and priorities   Risk Impact and Probability Ranking: The probability and impact array shows a risk rating task for the identification of risks. Then each risk is rated according to its probability of incidence and impact upon purposes. The overall assessment of risk impact ranking show that the appropriate services level within the project is affected or stable. Risk: It is the product of probability and impact factor Risk=Likelihood  Impact influence Probability: The chance of the risks/events occurring or not Impact: The outcomes/end result if the risk should be occurred The risk impact matrix definitions are Impact Criteria Impact Explanation Crucial (C) If the risk actions is occurred then project will collapse Severe (S) If the risk actions is occurred then project will be encounter, main portion of expenditure is increases Modest (Mo) If the risk events is happened then the project will be encounter, a modest portion of project expenditure is increases Minor (Mi) If the risk actions is occurred then the project will be encounter, a minute portion of project cost is increases Negligible (N)  If the risk actions is occurred then nothing will be changed in project expenditure (Fig.2) The probability chart/array definitions are Probability Criteria Probability (%) Explanation 0-20 Rare chances that risk will occur 21-40 Improbable the risk will occur 41-60 Even Probably the risk will occur 61-80 To be expected that risk will occur 81-100  Extremely that risk will occur (Fig-3) The table of risk awareness area and risk conditions of the project gives the impact of risk occurrence which is useful to decide the overall efficiency of working. The table of risk impact in different dimensions is given below                                 Risk Severity Table Risk Numbering  Risks  Probability (%)  Impact  Intensity  (R1) Poor mission strategy and Targets 15 C Low   (R2) Poor decision-making Management Support 25 S Medium   (R3) Lack of Customers Participation 12 Mi Low   (R4) Lack of Technical Knowledge 40 C Medium   (R5) Unclear statement of requirements objectives 65 S High   (R6) Lack of project scheduling estimating 42 Mo Low  (R7) Lack of advanced Technology use 75 C High   (R8) Lack of Managerial Experience 62 Mo High  (R9) Lack of communication gap b/w staff members, stakeholders and end users 70 C Medium  (R10) Lack of budgetary Supply Planning 60 S High  (R11) Lack of key Stakeholders involvement 35 Mi Low  (R12) Customers unconvinced at project deliverance 40 Mo Medium (Fig-4) The risk impact and probability ranking graph/chart is based on the two fundamental dimensions of risk. In this graph, the risk that will be occurring is plotted on the abscissa (x-axis) and impact of risk on ordinate (y-axis). By the using of these two measures, risks are plotted on the graph. This scenario provides a swift and apparent vision of the priorities that should be needed in each stage. Then we decided that what contingency plans should be needed to handle and managed the meticulous risk areas. The fundamental structure of the risk impact and probability ranking graph is shown below Risk impact and Probability Ranking Graph                                                                                        (Fig.5)                 = Low                   = Medium = High Extenuation and Eventuality Plans Risk Extenuation/Mitigation Planning: The risk extenuation is the technical strategic/sub process of risk management to address the risks that occurred in an organization/project. The purpose of risk mitigation is to identify the risk factors in the organization and operational system, measure their effects and reduce these risk factors before the implementation of project. The risk mitigation is the systematic technique that used by the management team to minimize the risk factors and stabilized the project strategy and plans. The risk extenuation planning can be achieved by the using of following methodology options: Risk Postulation: In this, accept the risk with the consideration of eventuality planning and continue operating system of development to minimize the risk up to standard intensity. Risk Evading: In this, avoid the risk by the eradicating of risk factors and use alternative approaches to reduce the risk at lower level. Risk Mitigation: Reducing the probability and impact factors by the using of different methodologies and continually check the circumstances of risk conditions. It includes the appraisals, surveys, risk avoidance milestones etc. Risk Transference: In this, transfer the risk to other party when an opportunity of risk reduction is available. Risk Rescheduling: In this stage, rescheduling all portion of project strategy. So that risk level is less likely to take place.  Eventuality/Contingency Planning: The eventuality planning is logical approaches of risk management to identify the risk impacts that take place in project. The contingency strategy can be used before and after the occurrence of risks. The contingency planning should be reliable when the following aspects should be considered: Analyze which key risks are potential and jeopardize the project. Prioritize the risks in the conditions of their intensity. Analyze which risk events are under control and which ones are out of control. Evaluate the contingency planning on those risk events that are under the supervision of management team. The risk extenuation and eventuality planning flowchart is shown below (Fig.6) (Fig.6) Therefore the proposed extenuation and eventuality strategies of the selected risks within the project is as follow   Inappropriate Required Statements: This type of risk is a major factor that affects the project scheduling, quality attributes and budgetary plans. Such type of risk is preventable if the proper mitigation tasks should be utilized and these are 1)  Control the comprehensible understanding of stakeholder’s requirements. 2)  Built up the communication system and reduce the gap between customers and project members. 3)  Split up the end users into different categories according to their field of interest. 4) Deliver clear feasibility requirements to end users and stakeholders throughout project. 5) Provide a workshop of group based requirements and design technique to the end users, stakeholders and project members. Wrong Cost Estimation: Adequate cost estimation is the major problem in the web software planning process. The precise cost estimation is the valuable success factor in the software planning as well as in risk development cycle. The cost estimation of software planning depends upon three factors a) Individual exertion                                                                              b)  Time interval                                                                                          c)   Budgetary resources                                                                                                                                                                                 The mitigation and contingency strategies of such type risk are as follows 1)  Reduce the wrong cost estimation risk by the suitable selection of best cost estimation model in earlier time.                                                                                                                                                                                 2)  Use Empirical Cost Estimation (ECE) and Analytical model to minimize and control the inappropriate investment.                                                                                                                                                                                 3)  Provide an appropriate size method of conclusion b/w current and past projects.                                                                                                                                                                                4)  The selected cost estimation model and complexity of projects should be explained to the stakeholders.                                                                                                                                                                                 5)  Hire experienced cost estimators that avoid the complexity of project cost before starting.                                                                                        6)  When the duration of the project unknown then squeezed down the project activities into significant path.                                                                                         7) The project manager should visualize the cause of delay and discussed with stakeholders and team members for alternative route.                                                                                          High stress of users than expectation: Such type of the risk impact is avoidable and having a less impact intensity on overall progress. The behavior of end users in sometimes is variable and creates problems in the development of project. Their mitigation strategies are as follows 1) Built up the generous level of communication and understanding b/w customers and deliver clear features of requirements. Then the unrealistic stress b/w users and staff members are controlled.                                                                                         2)  Provide a non serviceable prototype to end users if they are overexcited in the progress of project.                                                                                                                                                                                 Lack of use of Advanced Technology: This type of the risk factor create a difficulties in operation section and such type of factor is occurred due to the following technical issues 1)  Inadequate sources of skilled equipments for explicit technology.                                                                                                                                                                                 2) Supplementary funding is required.                                                                                                                                                                                  3) Failure to evaluate the maintainability.                                                                                                                                                                                  4) Client conflicts for the technology.                                                                                                                                                                                  The mitigation strategy of such type of situations is as follows 1)  Select the appropriate use of technology according to the condition of project in the starting time so that all issues should be considers in mean time.                                                                                         2)   The association of best technology use should be carried out through the project.                                                                                                                                                                                The association of best technology use should be carried out through the project. 3)  The key stakeholders of the project should be familiar to the use unambiguous technology.                                                                                                                                                                                  Lack of use of training on Equipments Inexperienced Staff: The impact of such type of risk is minor and remunerated by the using of different techniques. The impact of such type of risk factor is not transferred to the next stages. But develop a short duration of delay. Their mitigation strategies are as follows 1)   If an appropriate funding is not available then project manager should negotiate with less experienced staff with supplementary training.                                                                                                                                                                               2)   The slack activities can be used in the next stage of training.                                                                                         3)   Select a careful consideration of staff member’s selection.                                                                                                                                                                      consideration of staff member’s selection. 4)   The experienced staff should be selected for significant task and they make sure that no delay is probable during the project process.                                                                                        Budgetary Prepositions of Mitigation and Contingency Plans: In this process, the budgetary analysis of all resources, implementation control of project aspects and possible mitigation contingency feasibility reports should be conducted for the purpose and establishment of financial circumstances. The budgetary prepositions analysis can be qualitative/quantitative and utilized for the purpose of risk reduction in different level of project stages. So, the Expected Monetary Vale (EMV) can be used for the measurements of budgetary prepositions of mitigation and contingency plans. (EMV) is the product of likelihood risk occurrence and monetary outcome of risk occurrence. Mathematically, It can be expressed as EMV=Probability (P)  Monetary Outcome (O) The EMV of the project can be calculated by using this expression P (EMV) =Project expenditure + Risk Impact cost Occasion probable cost Where Project expenditure: Preliminary estimated cost of the project Risk Impact cost: The cost for the reduction of probability/Impact of project risks              Occasion probable cost: The cost cover risk that occur during the project In this process, risk is directly proportional to cost and inversely proportional to profit. On other hand, the probable occasion is directly proportional to profit and inversely proportional to the cost.                            According to web designing process of project InterLinc, the budget descriptions for web server, internet services, client training, networking server, information support centre, quality assertion etc are given below Budget Summary Services Estimated Budget for Services ($) Quality Assurance 6500 Web Server Web Training 22000 Network Server 19800 Web Browser Access 38400 Telecommunication Services 45625 Customer Training Services 4456 Miscellaneous Services 14165 Total Cost 150946         (Fig -7) Now, the expected (EMV) of mitigation and contingency plans for the avoidance of risks from web software project is shown below EMV Budgetary Summary Risks No. Risk Conditions P (%) O ($) EMV ($) R1 Lack of use of Advanced Technology 0.75 67500 50625 R2 Lack of training on equipment Inexperience staff 0.65 4850 31528.9 R3 Wrong Cost estimation 0.42 58602 24612.84 R4 End users dissatisfaction 0.12 3560 427.2 R5 Inappropriate Supply requirements 0.55 21280 11704 Total 118897.94 (Fig-8) Risk Management Techniques The main objective of risk management techniques is to identify the potential/hazard risk factors on the point of view of their technical management aspects before they take place in the project. There is lots of techniques methodology that manage the risk factors within the project but we have to discuss only two of them. Ishikawa/Fishbone Diagram:                                                                                    Fishbone diagram is also called cause and effect diagram. This diagram are use to explain/analyze the causes and effects of risks that occur in the organization/project. The fishbone diagram for the effects and causes of risks within the project are given below 1)   Web designing risk:                                                                                                                                                                                (Fig.9) 2)   Scheduling and budgetary planning risk:                                                                                                                                                                                3)  Quality and User Satisfaction Risk:                                                                                                                                                                                  RISKIT Analysis Graph: The RISKIT Analysis Graph is a diagrammatical formulation that can be used to identify the different features of risk factors that are more officially. This method is look like a tool that provides a link of communication during risk mitigation and contingency planning.  The RISKIT Analysis Graph is useful for the decomposing of potential risks process into well defined elements. The diagram of their different elements are shown below The RISKIT Analysis Graph for the selected risk factors, causes and effects within the project are given below 1)   Web Designing Strategy:                                                                                                       2)  Scheduling and Budgetary Planning :                                                                                                                                               3)   Quality attributes Customer Satisfaction:                                                                         Valuable Risk Management Lifecycle: The risk management life cycle is designed for the quick response of risk in the organization/project. So, the valuable management lifecycle of the RISKIT Analysis Graph is given below Appendix A: Table of Figures               Figure 1: Risk Classification Figure 2: Impact Criteria Figure 3: Probability Criteria Figure 4: Risk Severity Figure 5: Risk Impact and Probability ranking graph Figure 6: Risk Mitigation Plan Figure 7 8: EMV Budgetary Summary Figure 9 to 11: Fishbone Diagram Figure 12 to 15: RISKIT Analysis Graph Figure 16: Risk Management Lifecycle Appendix B: References Kwak, Y Stoddard, J 2004, Project Risk Management,5th ed. Technovation: 915-920. Boehm, B.W 1991, Software Risk Management, New York: McGraw-Hill, Vol.41 pp. 32-41. Han, W Huang, S. 2007, An Empirical Analysis of Risk Components and Performance on Software Projects. Systems and Software, Vol.80, pp.42-50 Sengupta, B Chandra, S 2006, A Research Agenda for Distributed Software Development. Shanghai: ACM. pp. 731 – 740 Offut, J 2009: Quality Attributes of Web Software Applications, IEEE Software, vol19, pp. 25-32. Keshlaf, A Hashim, K 2000, A Model and Prototype Tool to Manage Software Risks, IEEE Computer Society. pp. 297–305. Charette, R 1989,Software Engineering Risk Analysis and Management, New York, McGraw-Hill. pp. 10-15. Sommerville, I 2004: Mitigating Risk with effective requirements, New Jersey, pp 12-28. Boehm, Barry W. 1997, Introduction to Software Risk Risk Management, viewed on 20 April 2011, baz.com/kjordan/swse625/intro.html. Booker, G.2003, Software Project Risk Management Organization, INFO 638, Lecture #2, Drexel Univ., viewed on 25April 2011, http://users.snip.net/~gbooker/INFO638/lect2.ppt. Hashemian, V.2003, The Riskit Method for Software Risk Management, Univ. of Waterloo, viewed on 6 May 2011, cs.uwaterloo.ca/~apidduck/CS846/Seminars/vahid.pdf. Hall, Elaine M 1998, Managing risk: methods for software systems development, Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass. Joyce Statz, Don Oxley Patrick OToole 1997, Identifying and Managing Risks for Software Process Improvement, Crosstalk, pp. 13-18.
Monday, October 21, 2019
Essay on INTERNET AS SOCIAL MEDIA CONNECTIVITY AND IMMEDIACY
Essay on INTERNET AS SOCIAL MEDIA CONNECTIVITY AND IMMEDIACY Essay on INTERNET AS SOCIAL MEDIA: CONNECTIVITY AND IMMEDIACY Essay on INTERNET AS SOCIAL MEDIA: CONNECTIVITY AND IMMEDIACYThe essence of each social platform is to bring together people in accordance with their interests, as well as to give them the opportunity to maintain virtual contact with their friends and acquaintances, to run public debate and share content. Today, one of the most popular social networks is Twitter, which is a special microblogging service for exchanging messages of no more than 140 characters. In other words, it is an on-line diary which implements a live broadcast of visitors’ thoughts in a shortened version, i.e. each post is limited in the size of its content. In the fast paced world of information satiety, this limitation immediately grew into an advantage when brevity allows concentrating only on the essentials. Below, we will discuss which features and benefits of Twitter functioning interested us most during the study.First of all, it should be noted that Twitter is used not only to communicate, but also to find interesting resources and people. There is a long list of benefits of the Internet service, and here are some of them that we have noted in particular: Getting the information of interest. One can get news from friends in their posts or communicating with them. Users write completely different posts and one can fave only the most interesting ones. User can place a link to one’s resource from the main page of the account. The posted links are indexed by search engines, and it is an additional back. Attracting new visitors. Many people use Twitter as a tool to attract new visitors to their websites or blogs by posting brief messages about updates.As for the last undisputed advantage, we are convinced that microblogging service implements more dynamic relationships with readers compared to traditional blogging. Thus, monitoring showed that many bloggers redirecting visitors to Twitter have a more productive relationship with them, rather than in their main bl og. Indeed, Twitter excellently performs the function of RSS feeds, therefore, as Maclean et al. (2013) research shows, many people are watching the updates of their interest namely with its help. As a result, many businesses use Twitter as a marketing tool, effectively complementing the main company website, because it can be used to involve socially active target audience to the corporate website, as well as significantly improve the functionality of interaction with partners through direct stakeholder feedback (Maclean et al., 2013, p. 296; Burton Soboleva, 2011, p.493). On the other hand, this attracted many banal spammers, but in our subjective view, readers themselves take care of them easily outlining them on the background of true twitters.Moreover, Twitter is a unique source of information about what is happening in the world updated in real time (Garfield, 2010). Therefore, today, the analysis of the published posts flow allows researchers to catch a lot of social attitud es. In particular, it seems interesting that the percentage of Twitter references to a candidate in elections to the Congress helped scientists at the University of Indiana to correctly predict the winner in 404 of 406 cases (DiGrazia et al., 2013, e79449). Similar work on the content of the tweets may well become, if not a substitute, a reliable alternative to expensive polls, especially with regard to local elections which rarely attract the attention of specialists in the polls and the national media. Furthermore, such a campaign is relevant for the analysis of public attitudes in countries where journalists and sociologists are actively suppressed, or citizens are afraid to answer questions over the phone, but they have free access to the Internet.In addition, with the growing popularity of social networking, monitoring of the information accumulating in the network is an integral part of doing business. Nowadays, corporate platform of a statistical analysis allows carrying out an automatic monitoring of tweets in real time, as well as setting up automatic notification of emerging â€Å"alarms†such as negative reviews about products or consumer complaints (Burton Soboleva, 2011, p.495). It helps to quickly and accurately determine the reaction of people to the company’s actions. Microblogging on the Twitter platform has also become an important tool for the exchange of ideas and different points of view on the state of the stock market. For example, in a study of 250,000 Twitter posts economists from Munich Technical University have shown that moods present in similar messages from Twitter develop similarly in the stock market, and moreover, they are sometimes one day ahead of them (Burton Soboleva, 2011, p.496).Thus, the high value of data obtained from Twitter does not need to be proved. Through their analysis, experts may successfully predict fluctuations in the exchange rates, observe the spread of epidemics and natural disasters, eval uate politicians’ perspectives and the effectiveness of television advertising, as well as the development of social moods in general. Here, we see one aspect as particularly promising: these data allow a good accuracy in determining both what is happening now and what should be expected in the nearest future. This, in our opinion, is the main advantage of content analysis of Twitter as one of the most dynamic and functional social networks.
Sunday, October 20, 2019
Project Based Learning for Special Education
Project Based Learning for Special Education Project-based learning is an excellent way to differentiate instruction in a full inclusion classroom especially when that class includes students of widely different abilities, from the cognitively or developmental disabled to the gifted children. Project-based learning is also excellent in resource rooms or self-contained classrooms with either typically developing partners or with sufficient support or accommodations. In projects: Science: Create a model of a concept, perhaps insects, and label each part.Reading: Create a television commercial or a web page to promote a book, one you have read together or one that the group has read in a literary circle.Social Studies: Create a play, a power point presentation, or display for a State (as in Michigan,) a country, a political system (socialism, capitalism, republic, etc.) or a political point of view.Math: Plan a trip to a preferred spot (Paris, Tokyo) and create a budget for hotels, flights, meals, etc. In each case the project may support any number of educational objectives: Reinforce Content Retention Project learning has proven, in research, to improve concept retention in a range of students. Deeper Understanding When students are asked to use content knowledge, they are driven to use higher level thinking skills (Blooms Taxonomy) such as Evaluate or Create. Multi-Sensory Instruction Students, not just students with disabilities, all come with different learning styles. Some are strongly visual learners, some are auditory. Some are kinetic and learn best when they can move. Many children benefit from sensory input, and students who are ADHD or Dyslexic benefit from being able to move as they process information. Teaches Skills in Cooperation and Collaboration Future jobs will require not only higher levels of training and technical skills but also the ability to work collaboratively in groups. Groups work well when they are chosen by both the teacher and the students: some groups could be affinity-based, others could be crossability, and some could be friendship based. Alternate Means of Assessing Students' Progress Using a rubric to lay out standards can put students of varying abilities on a level playing field. Student Engagement at its Best When students are excited about what they are doing in school, they will behave better, participate more fully and benefit the most. Project-based learning is a powerful tool for the inclusive classroom. Even if a student or students spend part of their day in a resource or self-contained classroom, the time they spend in project-based collaboration will be a time when typically developing peers will model both good classroom and academic behavior. Projects can enable gifted students to push their academic and intellectual limits. Projects are acceptable across abilities when they meet the criterion established in a rubric. Project-based learning also works well with small groups of students. Pictured above is the scale model of the solar system one of my students with Autism created with me: We figured out the scale together, measured the size of the planets, and measured the distances between the planets. He now knows the order of the planets, the difference between terrestrial and gaseous planets and can tell you why most planets are uninhabitable.
Saturday, October 19, 2019
Social work Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words
Social work - Movie Review Example Doing so will provide equal benefits to children from varying backgrounds. Liberals believe that only money matters when it comes to education. Hence, school choice is a conservative idea, and not a liberal idea. 4. Harlem Success Academy expansion in the public zone is protested against because some unions, like ACORN, do not want underprivileged youth to get better education through charter schools; since for these unions, such schools are only meant for white advantage elites who protect their money through these charter schools. There are also adult interests for jobs and union rules that are obstructing Harlem Academy expansion. 5. Public education is a â€Å"social welfare†issue according to the film, since it provides educational opportunities to children from all kinds of socio-economic, racial, and ethnic backgrounds. It is not intended only for the elite class. Public education is also affordable for low income
Friday, October 18, 2019
Oil Business - Advantages and Disadvantages Essay
Oil Business - Advantages and Disadvantages - Essay Example Typically, the entire oil business is divided into three main parts which are the upstream, midstream, and downstream sector. The upstream sector is concerned with the location and extraction of oil from various parts of the world while the midstream is concerned with the processing of extracted oil to marketable products as well as the transportation of such products. Both the upstream and the midstream sectors are concentrated only in certain parts of the world such as Russia or the Middle East while the distribution industry which is part of the downstream sector is spread throughout the world (Gary & Handwerk, 1994). Therefore, any changes in the global market of oil can either favorable or adversely affect the distribution industry significantly. The unpredictability of the global market can also lead to many changes inside of the distribution industry, and the rising cost of fuel has only put a strain on the already straining oil distribution industry.One of the industryâ€℠¢s strengths is that it is among the first in the line of industries affected by oil prices and therefore it can suffer minimally as compared to other industries when it comes to changes in oil prices. Because it is the first hit by the changes, it is also the first that can adapt and the first to be able to quickly overcome the changes to try to lessen losses based on the change in oil prices. Where other industries are affected conversely through the chain of order and sometimes have little room to do anything about the price of oil, the gas distribution is hit first and therefore can adapt most quickly with the other industries adapting around it.When less oil is mined and processed in the international market, independent distributors would have to compete to obtain what is available. This sort of competition can drive smaller distributors out of business. And for those smaller distributors, this can cause problems, and may at first look like an outright negative effect of gas p rices, and a negative effect of the whole of the industry. But this negative opportunity for the smaller firms soon opens up a larger one for the bigger firms, which can then flex their economic muscle a little bit. It is this versatility and adaptability that helps the oil distribution industry to survive at hard times when most other industries would fold upon themselves and crumble.
Life for African Americans in the United States after slavery was Essay
Life for African Americans in the United States after slavery was abolished - Essay Example After the defeat of the Confederacy, the southern states faced economic and physical devastation. While millions of slaves got freedom legally, the political infrastructures of the southern states lost their legitimacy. Transformation of the South into a free labor economy and readmission of the southern states to the union imparted the need for reconstruction of the South. Freedom fight of the slaves in the post-Civil War and the Reconstruction Era transformed into a struggle for survival. Most of the slaves that had been withdrawn from the plantations were penniless. African Americans’ wages frequently fluctuated as a result of their perceived worth. Manual labor could be replaced easily in the post-Civil War era. There were only a few ex-slaves that had the kind of money to own a piece of land as a vast majority of the ex-slaves dealt with the issue of lack of source of income. As per the estimate of the 1880 Census, no more than 20 per cent of the African Americans were, i n part, the owners of the land on which they farmed (â€Å"Being an African American†). Most of such holdings were also beset with debt that led to the crippling of the ex-slaves in the long run. For some, life at the time of slavery was better than after its abolishment because as slaves, they at least had some place to sleep and eat at that time. Sharing his views on the dark side of emancipation in the post-Civil War era, Johnson stated, â€Å"Since them times, a many a nigger has had it tough to make a livin’. I know dat is so, too, cause I has been all long dere†(Johnson). Ex-slaves saw immense poverty during the Reconstruction Era. Years of prevalence of poverty caused a lack of medical care and nourishment among the ex-slaves which resulted in a high rate of mortality among the African Americans in general and among their children in particular. Ex-slaves were under the burden of due medical bills and were still not able to access the required medical at tention. Many started using herbal remedies to treat their illnesses. According to the Census of 1900, annual death rate of the African Americans was 30 in every 1,000 opposed to no more than 17 per 1,000 among the White Americans (â€Å"Being an African American†). 79 years old James Johnson, an ex-slave from Columbia noted that he â€Å"[felt] and [knew] dat de years after de war was worser than befo’†(Johnson). Although the slaves’ freedom was secured by The Emancipation Proclamation and victory of The Union, yet ex-slaves were not liberated under the Jim Crow Laws and segregation. Emancipation brought along with it new kinds of challenges, insecurities, and problems for the ex-slaves. Malnourishment and health deterioration were only some of the multitude of problems ex-slaves had to deal with in the post-Civil War era. A deep sense of isolation from their families weakened the ex-slaves emotionally and psychologically. This division was mainly cause d by the sale of slaves, owners’ death, and presentation of the slaves in the pre-Civil War era as gifts from one owner to another. The slaves’ newly found freedom was dampened by loneliness and alienation. White Americans not only saw the African Americans as a nuisance upon normality but also as a potential risk to their dominance. â€Å"Our greatest danger is that in the great leap from slavery to freedom we may overlook the fact that the masses of us are to live by the productions of our hands, and fail to keep in mind that we shall prosper in proportion as we learn to dignify and
Thursday, October 17, 2019
Cultural Issues in Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Cultural Issues in Management - Essay Example (Ghauri, P., & Fang, T. 2001). There are many management issues that are affecting both the Japanese employees and the American employees due to the differences in cultural practices. These differences should be integrated so that the company’s activities can be done effectively and efficiently. A chief issue affecting the company is differences in context cultures of both Americans and Japanese. Japanese employees are high context cultures while Americans’ have low context cultures. Japans people value personal relation and good will while Americans value expertise and performance. Japanese make agreements on the basis of general trust while Americans make agreements based on specified legal contract. In cross cultural communication between the Americans and the Japanese, there will be conflict of understanding and extremely long time is required to have consensus in any aspect. This has always forced the company to make late decisions. To solve the problem arising fro m context culture, the company should come up with guidelines for how things are done so that there are no conflicts of interests due to cultural differences. Secondly, there are vast difference in the attitudes of sale force between the Japanese and the Americans. Japanese have particularism and high universalism as illustrated by Trompenaars cultural perspectives. Americans have the attitude of take or leave in sales while the Japanese have room for modification and customization to accommodate the opinions of the customers. The company should adopt the Japanese attitude of sales and train the Americans on some of the techniques since it gives more customers satisfaction and less harassment. The company should also come up with sales commissions to encourage more sales. This will encourage the Americans to adopt the Japanese attitude of sales that they can achieve higher sales. (Ghauri, P., & Fang, T. 2001). The management of Chiba international has challenges because it comprises of both Americans and Japanese. American managers are individualistic in nature while the Japanese are collective. Americans are concerned with their issues and their reporting authority while the Japanese are concerned with the overall objectives of the company. The individualistic nature of the Americans has led to power conflicts amongst themselves, and this has derailed many activities in trying to solve the problem. In the recruitment process, the Japanese are concerned with performance, ability, and the attitude of a person measured in an interview. The Americans lay most of the emphasis on the person who has high education credentials. This has lead to poor communication between the two workforces. Chiba communication should come up with clear separation of duties so that there is no conflict in any decision making process. In the recruitment process, the company can use external employment bureaus and set the standards for qualification. (Kedia., & Mukherji, 1999). In the m anagement of financial activities, there is a wide variation between the Japanese and the Americans. The management of the Japanese follows all the financial activities throughout the company. All the expenses and revenues are accounted for when they are incurred or earned. Chiba international follows the theory of noodle peddler which considers expenditure of all resources for any objective achieved
Key Needs of Lithonia High School Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Key Needs of Lithonia High School - Essay Example The researcher states that from Danielson and Jensen, he acquired an appreciation of the need for educational institutions to develop the capability to make regular assessments as well as the necessity for academic institutions to build a â€Å"culture of assessment.†Lithonia High School is in Lithonia, Georgia, a lower to the middle-class suburban community about 20 miles east of Atlanta. Lithonia High School covers grades 9-12. Latest figures indicate that school enrollment was 1,692 in 2009, almost equally distributed between males or females, or boys and girls. Lithonia is a predominantly Black or African-American community with a median household income of $23,397 in 2009. In contrast, the median income for the entire United States was $49,777. As we all know, the concept of the median income means that 50% of the population has an income level below the median while the other 50% of the population has an income level above the median. Thus, data indicate that Lithonia i s one of the communities in the United States in which at least half of the population belong to the lowest income groups of the United States. Lithonia’s population characteristics are reflected in the enrollment of Lithonia High School. More than 96% of the student population is composed of Blacks or African-Americans, about 1.5% are Hispanics, less than 1% is composed of Whites, and less than 1% is composed of American Indians. Lithonia High school has about a hundred teachers and teacher-student ratio stands at about 1:15. The 9th grade composes around 36% of the student population; 10th grade around 25%;11th grade around 21%; and 12th grade about 17%. The sum does not add up to 100% because of rounding operation. Lithonia High School is qualified under the Title I program and this means that the school can access government programs assisting low-income students and those at risks. At least half of the student population is qualified to get lunch for free or lunch at red uced costs.
Wednesday, October 16, 2019
Cultural Issues in Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Cultural Issues in Management - Essay Example (Ghauri, P., & Fang, T. 2001). There are many management issues that are affecting both the Japanese employees and the American employees due to the differences in cultural practices. These differences should be integrated so that the company’s activities can be done effectively and efficiently. A chief issue affecting the company is differences in context cultures of both Americans and Japanese. Japanese employees are high context cultures while Americans’ have low context cultures. Japans people value personal relation and good will while Americans value expertise and performance. Japanese make agreements on the basis of general trust while Americans make agreements based on specified legal contract. In cross cultural communication between the Americans and the Japanese, there will be conflict of understanding and extremely long time is required to have consensus in any aspect. This has always forced the company to make late decisions. To solve the problem arising fro m context culture, the company should come up with guidelines for how things are done so that there are no conflicts of interests due to cultural differences. Secondly, there are vast difference in the attitudes of sale force between the Japanese and the Americans. Japanese have particularism and high universalism as illustrated by Trompenaars cultural perspectives. Americans have the attitude of take or leave in sales while the Japanese have room for modification and customization to accommodate the opinions of the customers. The company should adopt the Japanese attitude of sales and train the Americans on some of the techniques since it gives more customers satisfaction and less harassment. The company should also come up with sales commissions to encourage more sales. This will encourage the Americans to adopt the Japanese attitude of sales that they can achieve higher sales. (Ghauri, P., & Fang, T. 2001). The management of Chiba international has challenges because it comprises of both Americans and Japanese. American managers are individualistic in nature while the Japanese are collective. Americans are concerned with their issues and their reporting authority while the Japanese are concerned with the overall objectives of the company. The individualistic nature of the Americans has led to power conflicts amongst themselves, and this has derailed many activities in trying to solve the problem. In the recruitment process, the Japanese are concerned with performance, ability, and the attitude of a person measured in an interview. The Americans lay most of the emphasis on the person who has high education credentials. This has lead to poor communication between the two workforces. Chiba communication should come up with clear separation of duties so that there is no conflict in any decision making process. In the recruitment process, the company can use external employment bureaus and set the standards for qualification. (Kedia., & Mukherji, 1999). In the m anagement of financial activities, there is a wide variation between the Japanese and the Americans. The management of the Japanese follows all the financial activities throughout the company. All the expenses and revenues are accounted for when they are incurred or earned. Chiba international follows the theory of noodle peddler which considers expenditure of all resources for any objective achieved
Tuesday, October 15, 2019
INTERNATIONAL BANKING - LAW AND PRACTICE Coursework
INTERNATIONAL BANKING - LAW AND PRACTICE - Coursework Example The underlying aspects of suretyship guarantees are that they are effective upon certain conditions, whereas demand guarantees are simply effective upon demand. The underlying reason as to why issuers need instruments to be suretyships is that in a deal of guarantee, the surety accepts a secondary liability to responds for the debtor, who rests primarily responsible. In a contract of indemnity the surety assumes a primary liability, either alone or jointly with the principal debtor. The cases mentioned above will be looked at as to what the courts decide in determining demand and suretyship guarantees, and all information has been extracted directly from the case reports. Demand Guarantees Demand guarantees are written agreements made by a guarantor to assure a beneficiary, subject to the conditions in the agreement. The guarantee is an agreement between the guarantor and the beneficiary. Thus, if an employer is specified a demand guarantee by a bank in respect of the responsibilitie s of a contractor, the contractor is not a party to the agreement. Therefore, the beneficiary is in a strong situation should there be a default. Demand guarantees are contracts and can be generated by either a simple contract or executed as a deed (Birchal & Ramus, 2012). Banks generally set demand guarantees. There are two basic types: on demand guarantees (often referred to as on demand bonds) and documentary demand guarantees. On demand guarantees essentially necessitate a guarantor to make payment to a beneficiary upon request to do so. In the case of documentary demand guarantees, payment will only be made on the securing, by the beneficiary, of the papers required by the terms of the guarantee. These, for example, may be documents proving a court judgment (Birchal & Ramus, 2012). Banks support demand guarantees since they do not need to get tangled in legal opinions and disputes following a default; their view is generally direct. However, their situation is not so reasonable for those necessary to provide demand guarantees. Take, for example, a contractor required to provide a 20% demand guarantee with regards of a $100,000 contract. The guarantee will be the amount of $20,000. The contractor’s bank supplying the guarantee will handle the price of the guarantee as contractors credit and will, therefore, reduce any credit amenities offered to the contractor by this amount. In addition, the bank will undoubtedly require security from the contractor to backup the credit. Both these activities will disturb a contractor’s cash flow and make it more challenging for him to execute contracts. Indeed, the functional competence of a construction firm can be decreased by the obligation to deliver demand guarantees. A contractor in this situation may also sense insecurity, especially where on demand guarantees are delivered. The contractor has insignificant entitlements to avoid a bank paying against an on demand guarantee. Banks will pay on demand a nd leave the contractor to settle any dispute directly with the beneficiary (Birchal & Ramus, 2012). Suretyship Guarantee Companies frequently require working capital to function and grow. The owners of small businesses regularly need to cater a guarantee of suretyshi
Electric Motor driven Water Pump activated by Temperature Sensor Essay Example for Free
Electric Motor driven Water Pump activated by Temperature Sensor Essay In recent times the farmers have been using irrigation technique through manual control in which the farmer irrigate the land at regular intervals by turning the water pump on/off when required. This process sometimes consumes more water and sometimes the water supply land is delayed due to which the crops dry out. It is an electromechanical system. There is advance mechanical water pump which will use to irrigate the crops in farms. The dc electric motor (permanent magnet dc motor or PMDC) will be used to drive this pump. The motor is controlled by the controller which is connected to the battery and the temperature sensor which give a signal to the controller when the surrounding temperature will increase or decrease. The temperature is set to (35OC) in the controller whenever it will increase or decrease from the set temperature it will automatically turn on/off the motor with the help of controller and battery which is connected with it. After that with the help of motor water pump which is connected to the motor will send water to the farms. It will useful for those crops which need constant water and should soak during the growth which will reduce the dry out problems of crops. Block Diagram of Electric motor driven Water Pump. 101917515367000 PARTS WHICH WE ARE USING FOR THIS PROJECT. Waterproof temperature sensor Battery PMDC electric motor Temperature controller Mechanical water pump PROBLEMS Two of the most widely recognized issues with cultivating water system frameworks need to do with water system booking. Water system booking is just noting the inquiries of When do I water? and To what extent do I water?. Beginning a water system cycle too soon as well as running a water system cycle too long is considered overwatering. At any rate, this training squanders water and cash. Be that as it may, over watering can cause edit harm if done on a delayed premise. In like manner, beginning a water system cycle past the point of no return or not running the framework for a sufficiently long timeframe is considered under watering and can cause decreased yields and poor harvest quality which can influence cost. There is also one most common problem which is faced by most of the farmers is field situated miles away from their homes. They have to travel daily base at several time to start or stop the irrigation water pump which is too important for the crops which consume more time. some time due to over irrigation and under irrigation crops are damaged by which farmer face big loss as shown in picture 1.1. Some farmers have more land and they have more need of manpower because of manual turning on/off for water pump which will take more time and become costly because of labor. . Problems sometimes without automatic irrigation system picture of the farm. AIM/OBJECTIVES A model of controlling irrigation facilities to help millions of people. In many countries, agriculture plays an important role in shaping up the economy and the climate conditions are anisotropic. the main purpose of this project is to save crops from dry out and the time which is also important in human life. The model uses temperature sensor technology with the controller to make smart switching devices. It is the basic automatic switching mechanism of motor water pump using the sensor from surrounding temperature. This system can be operated at night and water which loss from evaporation is thus minimized. The most significant advantage is that water is supplied only when the temperature is increased and the plant has need of water. It works according to temperature and keeps soil soaked whenever it going to dry because of temperature. It will also reduce the consumption of water and save the lot of water which will more beneficial for the dry areas of the world. There is also one more biggest advantage of this project is it will also help to increase the production of the crops and save crops from dry out which is also good for the farmers and those countries which totally depend on the farming. It is the highly sensitive product with the low cost by which poor farmers can also buy this in their budget. With the help of automatic irrigation system picture of a farm.
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